Articoli Kingdom of Prussia

(en) The Kingdom of Prussia (German: Königreich Preußen) was a German kingdom that constituted the state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918. It was the driving force behind the unification of Germany in 1871 and was the leading state of the German Empire until its dissolution in 1918. Although it took its name from the region called Prussia, it was based in the Margraviate of Brandenburg, where its capital was Berlin. The kings of Prussia were from the House of Hohenzollern. Prussia was a great power from the time it became a kingdom, through its predecessor, Brandenburg-Prussia, which became a military power under Frederick William, known as "The Great Elector". Prussia continued its rise to power under the guidance of Frederick II, more commonly known as Frederick the Great, who was the third son of Frederick William I.[8] Frederick the Great was instrumental in starting the Seven Years' War, holding his own against Austria, Russia, France and Sweden and establishing Prussia's role in the German states, as well as establishing the country as a European great power. After the might of Prussia was revealed it was considered as a major power among the German states. Throughout the next hundred years Prussia went on to win many battles, and many wars. Because of its power, Prussia continuously tried to unify all the German states (excluding the German cantons in Switzerland) under its rule, and whether Austria would be included in such a unified German domain was an ongoing question. After the Napoleonic Wars led to the creation of the German Confederation, the issue of unifying the German states caused a number of revolutions throughout the German states, with all states wanting to have their own constitution. Attempts to create a federation remained unsuccessful and the German Confederation collapsed in 1866 when war ensued between its two most powerful member states, Prussia and Austria. The North German Confederation, which lasted from 1867 to 1871, created a closer union between the Prussian-aligned states while Austria and most of Southern Germany remained independent. The North German Confederation was seen as more of an alliance of military strength in the aftermath of the Austro-Prussian War but many of its laws were later used in the German Empire. The German Empire lasted from 1871 to 1918 with the successful unification of all the German states under Prussian hegemony; this was due to the defeat of Napoleon III in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71. The war united all the German states against a common enemy, and with the victory came an overwhelming wave of nationalism which changed the opinions of some of those who had been against unification. In 1871, Germany unified into a single country, minus Austria and Switzerland, with Prussia the dominant power. Prussia is considered the legal predecessor of the unified German Reich (1871–1945) and as such a direct ancestor of today's Federal Republic of Germany. The formal abolition of Prussia, carried out on 25 February 1947 by the fiat of the Allied Control Council, referred to an alleged tradition of the kingdom as a bearer of militarism and reaction, and made way for the current setup of the German states. However, the Free State of Prussia (Freistaat Preußen), which followed the abolition of the Kingdom of Prussia in the aftermath of World War I, was a major democratic force in Weimar Germany until the nationalist coup of 1932 known as the Preußenschlag. The Kingdom left a significant cultural legacy, today notably promoted by the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation (Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz (SPK)), which has become one of the largest cultural organisations in the world. Per saperne di più

Collegamenti esterni: Wikidata (Q27306), Wikipedia

Predecessore: State of Brandenburg-Prussia

Successore: Germany (1871-1948)

• Tallero
• Vereinsthaler (1821-1873)
• Marco

Tallero

288 Pfennigs = 96 Gröschel = 72 Kreuzer = 36 Mariengroschen = 24 Groschen = 1 Thaler = ³⁄₁₇ Pistole • After 1857: 360 Pfennigs = 30 Silbergroschen = 1 Thaler

1 Pfennig - Frederick I
1703
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 125‰) • 0.3 g • ⌀ 13 mm
KM# 29, Schön DM# 3, Schr# 313, N# 127867

1 Pfennig - Frederick I
1703
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 125‰) • 0.3 g • ⌀ 13 mm
KM# 30, Schön DM# 3, Schr# 314-315, N# 127868

1 Pfennig - Frederick I
1705
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 62.5‰) • 0.59 g • ⌀ 12 mm
KM# 52, N# 310328

1 Pfennig - Frederick William I
1735-1736
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione • 0.5 g • ⌀ 13.5 mm
KM# 217, Schön DM# 81, Schr# 419-422, Neum# 25, N# 127804

1 Guter Pfennig - Frederick II
1741-1743
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione • 0.54 g • ⌀ 14 mm
Olding FR# 152, Kluge FrII# 204.2, KM# 227, Schr# 881, N# 89689

Denier - Frederick II
1746-1747
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione • 1.15 g • ⌀ 17 mm
Olding FR# 330, Kluge FrII# 317, KM# 927, Schön DM# 51, N# 55661

1 Pfennig - Frederick II
1751-1755
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Rame • 2.55 g • ⌀ 21 mm
Olding FR# 157, 176, KM# 262, Schön DM# 102, Neum# 245, Schr# 911-916, N# 34547

1 Pfennig - Frederick II
1768-1770
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione • 0.6 g • ⌀ 14 mm
Olding FR# 153, KM# 319, Schön DM# 136, Schr# 883-6, N# 127805

1 Pfennig - Frederick II
1771-1786
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 94‰) • 0.6 g • ⌀ 14 mm
Olding FR# 154, KM# 326, Schön DM# 149, Neum# 514, Schr# 887-903, N# 25250

1 Pfennig - Frederick William II
1787-1797
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 52‰) • 0.63 g • ⌀ 14.3 mm
KM# 350, Olding FR# 14, Schön DM# B158, Schr# 96-106, Neum# 9, N# 43811

1 Pfennig - Frederick William II
1788-1789
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Rame • 3.25 g • ⌀ 21 mm
KM# 353, Schön DM# A158, Olding FR# 15, Schr# 107-108, J# 1, N# 40408

1 Pfennig - Frederick William II
1790-1797
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Rame • 2.45 g • ⌀ 21 mm
KM# 353a, Schön DM# A158, Olding FR# 15, Schr# 109-116, J# 1, N# 98639

1 Pfennig - Frederick William II
1792-1796
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione • 0.20 g • ⌀ 11.8 mm
Old/Mue 1# 39; 43, Jaeg 9 Pr# 201, KM# 5, Schön DM# 149, Slg. Wilm# 1152, N# 294114

1 Pfennig - Frederick William II
1796-1797
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 111‰) • 0.26 g • ⌀ 9 mm
Old/Mue 1# 44, Jaeg 9 Pr# 202, KM# 12, N# 183124

1 Pfennig - Frederick William III
1799-1803
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 111‰) • 0.26 g • ⌀ 14.5 mm
AKS# 148, Old/Mue 2# 164, Jaeg 9 Pr# 202, KM# 17, Schön DM# 155, Slg. Wilm# 1156, N# 161323

1 Pfennig - Frederick William III
1799-1806
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 52‰) • 0.63 g • ⌀ 15 mm
AKS# 39, Old/Mue 2# 129, Jaeg 9 Pr# 2, KM# 373, Schr# 85, N# 42974

1 Pfennig - Frederick William Ⅲ
1799-1806
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Rame • 2.45 g • ⌀ 20 mm
Old/Mue 2# 132, Jaeg 9 Pr# 1, KM# 372, Schr# 101, N# 130382

1 Pfennig - Frederick William III (Gold Pattern)
1804
Monete › Modello
Oro 986‰ • 0.91 g
Schlum# 654.1, KM# PnG13, N# 271081

1 Pfennig - Frederick William III
1810-1816
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Rame • 1.62 g • ⌀ 19.09 mm
AKS# 40, Old/Mue 2# 133, KM# 390, Kahnt/Schön# 1, N# 68014

¼ Stuber - Frederick II
1753-1755
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Rame • 2.1 g • ⌀ 23 mm
KM# 55, N# 38407

½ Kreuzer - Frederick William II
1788-1797
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Rame • 3.8 g • ⌀ 22.6 mm
Old/Mue 1# 20, KM# 1053, Schön DM# 80, Neum# 31, Schr# 160-165, N# 139444

½ Kreuzer - Frederick William III
1806
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Rame • ⌀ 21 mm
AKS# 51, Jaeg 9 Pr# 9, KM# 1062, N# 60085

½ Groschen - Frederick William III
1811
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Rame • 2.6 g • ⌀ 21 mm
AKS# 43, Jaeg 9 Pr# 19, KM# A393, Schr# 255, N# 85416

2 Pfennigs - Frederick I
1703
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 125‰) • 0.44 g • ⌀ 13 mm
KM# 31, N# 310322

2 Pfennig - Frederick I
1703
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 125‰) • 0.22 g • ⌀ 15 mm
Olding FR# 58, KM# 32, N# 436241

2 Pfennigs - Frederick I
1705-1706
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 125‰) • 0.68 g • ⌀ 13 mm
KM# 53, N# 310327

½ Kreuzer - Frederick William II (Gold pattern strike)
1788
Monete › Modello
Oro 900‰ • 5.59 g • ⌀ 21.7 mm
N# 313392

2 Pfennige - Frederick William III
1810-1816
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Rame • 3.24 g • ⌀ 21.8 mm
AKS# 38, Old/Mue 2# 131, KM# 391, Neum# 22, Schr# 247-249, N# 76653

1 Gröschel - Frederick II
1769
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione • 0.69 g
Olding FR# 326, Kluge FrII# 314.1, KM# 1014, N# 315443

1 Gröschel - Frederick II
1769-1770
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione • 0.61 g
Olding FR# 327, Kluge FrII# 314.2, KM# 1014a, N# 315444

1 Gröschel - Frederick II
1771-1786
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione • 0.49 g • ⌀ 14.5 mm
Olding FR# 328, KM# 1014b, N# 196982

1 Gröschel - Frederick William II
1787-1797
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione • 0.45 g • ⌀ 15 mm
KM# 1050, C# 49, Schön DM# 81, N# 125286

3 Pfennigs - Frederick I
1703-1705
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 125‰) • 0.59 g • ⌀ 16 mm
KM# 33, Schön DM# 5, Schr# 290-300, N# 124582

3 Pfennigs - Frederick I
1703-1706
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 125‰) • 0.69 g • ⌀ 16 mm
KM# 34, Schön DM# 5, Schr# 301-305, N# 127871

3 Pfennige - Frederick William I
1735
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 187‰) • 0.83 g • ⌀ 15.85 mm
KM# 218, Schön DM# 82, Schr# 413-418, Neum# 24, N# 128156

3 Pfennigs - Frederick II
1742
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 187‰) • 0.83 g • ⌀ 16 mm
Olding FR# 149, KM# 236, Schön DM# 88, Schr# 856-8, N# 128158

3 Pfennigs - Frederick II
1752-1761
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Rame • 7.5 g • ⌀ 26.5 mm
KM# 267, Olding FR# 155, 175, 347a, Neum# 244, 319, Schr# 904-907, 909-910, 1746-1747, N# 65876

3 Pfennigs - Frederick II
1761-1762
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Rame • 4 g • ⌀ 25.25 mm
Olding FR# 347, KM# 290, Schön DM# 103, Schr# 1747, N# 106171

3 Pfennigs - Frederick II
1763
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Rame • 3.6 g • ⌀ 24.9 mm
Olding FR# 350, KM# A231, Neum# 319, Schr# 1751, N# 201233

3 Pfennigs - Frederick II
1764-1770
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 173‰) • 0.78 g • ⌀ 15 mm
KM# 293, Schön DM# 137, Olding FR# 150, 174, Schr# 859-863, 877-878, N# 128161

3 Gute Pfennig - Frederick II
1772-1786
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 125‰) • 0.81 g • ⌀ 15.9 mm
KM# 328, Schön DM# A149, Olding FR# 151, Schr# 864-876, Neum# 513, N# 102505

3 Pfennige - Frederick William II
1787-1797
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 125‰) • 0.72 g • ⌀ 16 mm
KM# 351, N# 73715

3 Pfennige - Frederick William III
1799-1804
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione • 0.72 g • ⌀ 16 mm
Old/Mue 2# 127, Jaeg 9 Pr# 3a, KM# 374, Schr# 85, 86, N# 240642

3 Pfennige - Fredrick III
1804-1806
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione • 0.72 g • ⌀ 16 mm
AKS# 37, Old/Mue 2# 127, Jaeg 9 Pr# 3, KM# 384, N# 308957

4 Pfennigs - Frederick I
1703-1706
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 125‰) • 0.9 g • ⌀ 16 mm
KM# 35-37, Schön DM# 6, Schr# 265-289, N# 128193

4 Pfennigs - Frederick I
1705-1706
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione (argento 187.5‰) • 1.02 g • ⌀ 16 mm
KM# 54, N# 310326

1 Gröschel - Frederick II
1752-1757
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione • 0.5 g • ⌀ 15 mm
Olding FR# 325, KM# 972, Neum# 270, Schön DM# 61, Schr# 1614-1619, N# 163265

1 Gröschel - Frederick II (Gold Pattern)
1756
Monete › Modello
Oro • 1.01 g
Olding FR# 325, Kluge FrII# 329.7, N# 264853

4 Gute Pfennig - Frederick II
1764-1766
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Biglione • 1.04 g • ⌀ 18 mm
Olding FR# 280, KM# 323, N# 139351

1 Groschen - Frederick William III
1810-1811
Monete › Moneta di circolazione regolare
Rame • 5.31 g • ⌀ 23 mm
AKS# 42, Olding FR# 149, C# 58, KM# D385, N# 29441